53. Verb + -ing (enjoy doing/ stop doing etc.)

以下动词后面跟其他动词，需要转化成-ing形式：

enjoy,suggest,stop,postpone,admit,avoid,imagine,finish,consider,deny,risk,fancy

Suddenly everybody stopped talking. There was silence.

I don't fancy going out this evening.

否定形式是 not -ing:

When I'm on holiday, I enjoy not having to get up early.

give up,put off,go on,keep或者keep on同样也需要用 -ing.

有些动词你需要这样的形式， verb + somebody + -ing.

I can't imagine George riding a motorbike.

如果你在讨论过去的事情，你可以使用 have done/stolen/said etc.

The admitted having stolen the money.

但是having不是必须的，你也可以说：

The admitted stealing the money.

有些单词，特别是admit/deny/suggest，可以用that...:

Chris suggested that we went to the cinema.

54. Verb + to ... (decide to ... / forget to ... etc.)

offer,decide,hope,deserve,promise,agree,plan,manage,afford,threaten,refuse,arrange,fail,forget,learn

这些单词后年都要加 to

It was late, so we decided to take a taxi home.

否定是 not to

We decided not to go out because of the weather.

dare后面可以加to，也可以不加。

但是dare not不能加to。

有些单词后面可以用 (what/whether/how etc.) + to ... :

We asked how to get to the station.

Have you decided where to go for your holidays?

Do you understand what to do?

55. Verb (+ object) + to

want,ask,help,would like,expect,beg,mean,would prefer

这些单词有两种结构: verb + to, verb + object + to

We expected to be late.

We expected Dan to be late.

不能说 want that.

Do you want me to come with you? (not Do you want that I come)

help可以跟to，也可以不用。

tell,remind,force,encourage,teach,enable,order,warn,invite,persuade,get

这些单词有 verb+object+to 的结构。

suggest不能用这样的形式。

advise和allow两种结构都有。

make和let不需要加to，后面跟动词原形。 verb+object+动词原形。

I made hime promise that he wouldn't tell ...

Let me carry your bag for you.

56 Verb + -ing or to ... 1 (remember/regret etc.)

admit,fancy,postpone,avoid,finish,risk,consider,imagine,stop,deny,keep (on),suggest,enjoy,mind

以上这些单词需要加 -ing。

afford,fail,offer,agree,forget,plan,arrange,hope,promise,decide,learn,refuse,deserve,manage,threaten

以上这些单词需要加 to

有些单词可以用 -ing 和to，但是意思会有不同。

I remember doing something = 表示以前做过的事情现在想起来了。

I remember to do something = 表示想起来要去做某事。

I know locked the door. I clearly remember locking it.

I rememberd to lock the door, but I forgot to shut the windows.

I regret doing something = 后悔以前做过的事情

I regret to say/to tell you/to inform = 有礼貌地或正式地表示抱歉、痛惜或悲伤

go on doing something = 继续做相同的事情

go on to do something = 继续做其他事情

begin,start,continue,intend,bother这些单词-ing和to是一个意思。

但是通常不会在-ing后再跟-ing，比如：

It's starting to rain. (not It's starting raining)

57. Verb + -ing or to ... 2 (try/need/help)

try

当try表示尝试去做某事，努力做做某事时，用try to do。

当try表示做实验或者测试时，后面用 try + object 或者 try + -ing。

I tried to move the table, but it was too heavy. （因为太重所以无法移动桌子）

I didn't like the way the furniture was arranged, so I tried moving the table to the other side of the room. But it didn't look right, so I move it back again.

need

I need to do something = 我需要做做某事

I need to get more exercise.

Something needs doing = 什么事情需要被解决

My phone needs charging. (= it needs to be charged)

Do you think this jacket needs cleaning? (= ... needs to be cleaned)

help

help可以 help to do 或者 help do.

Can you help me to move this table?

Can you help me move ...

I can't help doing something = 我不能停止我自己做某事

She tried to be serious, but she couldn't help laughing. (= she couldn't stop herself laughing)

58 Verb + -ing or to ... 3 (like/would like etc.)

like/love/hate

当你讨论重复发生的动作时，可以使用 -ing或to。

Do you like getting up early?

Do you like to get up early?

当我们再塔伦的情况已经发生时，使用 -ing。

Paul lives in Berlin now. He likes living there.

I like to do和I like doing也有不同的意思。

I like doing something = 做并且享受这件事情.

I like cleaning the kitchen.

I like to do something = 我认为做这个事情是好的，但是我不享受做这个事情。

It's not my favourite job, but I like to clean the kitchen as often as possible.

would like/would love/would hate/would prefer

would like/would love 等通常后面跟to:

I'd like to go away for a few days.

Would you like to come to dinner on Friday?

would mind 后跟跟 -ing.

I would like to have done something = 表示我后悔以前没有做或者做不了的事情。

It's a shame we didn't see Anna when we were in London. I would like to have seen here again.

## 59. Prefer and would rather

可以用prefer to (do) 或 prefer -ing来表示一般情况下的偏好。

I prefer something to something else.

I prefer doing something to doing something else.

I prefer to do something **rather than (do) something else.

would prefer (I'd prefer ...)

我们可以用would prefer来表示特殊情况下（非一般情况）下的偏好。一般使用 would prefer to do something， 而不用would prefer doing.

`Would you prefer tea or coffee?' 'Coffee, please.'

I'd prefer to stay at home tonight rather than go to the cinema.

would rather (I'd rather ...)

没看懂 todo

60.Preposition介词 (in/for/about etc.) + -ing

介词（in/for/about等）后面如果跟一个动词的话，动词需要加-ing。

Are you interested in working for us?

I'm not good at learning languages.

Sue must be fed up with studying.

before 和after

Before going out, I phoned Sarah. (= Before I went out ...)

What did you do after finishing school? (= ... after you finished school.)

by -ing (表示事情是如何发生的)

The burglars got into the house by breaking a window and climbing in.

You can improve your English by reading more.

without

We can ten kilometers without stopping.

It was a stupid thing to say. I said it without thinking.

to -ing (look forward to doing something etc.)

to一般是不定式的一部分，比如：

We decided to travel by train.

Would you like to meet for lunch tomorrow?

但是to也可以做介词，比如：

We went from Paris to Geneva.

如果to当做介词时并且后面跟了一个动词，则动词需要加ing。

I prefer driving to travelling by train.

Are you looking forward to going on holiday?

61. Be/get used to something (I'm used to ...)

be used to something/be used to doing 表示习惯做某事。这里的to是介词，所以要动词的ing。

Paul lives alone. He doesn't mind this because he has lived alone for 15 years. It is not strange for him. He is used to it. He is used to living alone.

I used to do 表示以前经常做的，但是现在不做的。

62. Verb + preposition + -ing (succeed in -ing/accuse somebody of -ing etc.)

很多动词有 verb + preposition(in/for/about etc.) + object的结构，如果object是一个动词的话，动词需要加ing。

He doesn't approve of* swearing.

We have decided against moving to London.

Do you feel like going out tonight?

approve of

decide against

dream of

feel like

insist on

look forward to

succeed

think of/about

accuse of

congratulate on

excuse of

prevent from

stop from

suspect of

thank for

63 Expressions + -ing

下面这些短语也需要加动词的ing。

It's no use/It's no good ...

It's no good trying to persuade me. You won't succeed.

There's nothing you can do about the situation, so it's no use worrying about it.

There's no point in ...

There's no point in having a car if ou never use it.

What's the point of having a car if you never use it?

It's (not) worth ...

What was the film like? Was it worth seeing?

L live only a short walk from here, so it's not worth taking a taxi.

Have trouble -ing, have difficulty -ing etc.

I had no trouble finding a place to stay.

Did you have any difficulty getting a visa?

Spend time/waste time/be busy

He spent hours trying to repair the clock.

I waste a lot of time doing nothing.

She said she couldn't see me, She was too busy doing other things.

Go swimming/ go fishing etc.

How often do you go swimming?

I'd like to go skiing.

I've never been sailing.

64 To ..., for ... and so that ...

todo

65

todo

66

todo

67 See somebody do and see somebody doing

如何说看到别人做了什么事情。

Somebody **did** something + I saw this = I **saw** somebody **do** something.

Tom got into his car and drove away. You saw this. You can say:

I saw Tom get into his car and drive away.

被动形式：

He was seen to get in the car.

Somebody **was doing** something + I saw this = I **saw** somebody **doing** something

Yesterday you saw Kate. She was waiting for a bus. You can say:

I saw Kate waiting for a bus.

两者的区别

I saw him **do** something 表示我看了完整的过程。

I saw hime **doing** something 表示我没有看到完整的过程，只看到过程中间的动作。

有时候这个区别不是很重要，两者都可以用。

see,hear,notice,smell等一些单词都可以用这样的形式。

68. -ing clauses (Feeling tired, I went to bed early.)

Joe was playing football. He hurt his knee.

Joe hurt his knee playing football.

You were feeling tired. So you went to bed early.

Feeling tired, I went to bed early.

这里Playing football 和feeling tired被称作 -ing 子句。

如果ing子句写在句子的开头（就像上面的第二句），我们需要在后面写一个(,)。

如果两个事情同时发生，我们可以用ing子句。

Kate is in the kitch making coffee. (= She is in the kitchen and she is making coffee)

A man ran out of the house shouting. (= he ran out of the house and he was shouting)

当一个动作发生在另一个动作的时段中间，我们可以用ing子句（时间长的动作用ing子句）：

Joe hurt his knee playing football. (= while he was playing)

Did you cut yourself shaving? (= while you were shaving)

ing子句也可以用在while和when之后：

Joe hurt his knee while playing football.

当一个动作发生在另一个动作之前，我们可以用having (dong)来表示第一个动作：

Having found a hotel, we looked for somewhere to have dinner.

Having finished her work, she went home.

也可以用after -ing来表示：

After finishing her work, she went home.

当一个短的动作之后马上接了另外短的动作，我们可以用-ing来替代having done：

Taking a key out of his pocket, he opended the dorr.

这个结构在书面英语中用的比较多。

-ing 子句有解释的作用。

Feeling tired, I went to bed early. (= beccause I felt tired)